What recent requirement have some states enacted to discourage voting since 2010?

Some states have enacted photo identification requirements to discourage voting, particularly since 2010. The rationale behind these laws is often framed around the need to ensure election integrity and prevent voter fraud. However, in practice, these requirements can create barriers for certain groups of people, such as low-income individuals, the elderly, or those without easy access to the necessary forms of ID. Studies have shown that these laws disproportionately impact voter turnout among these populations, making it more difficult for them to exercise their right to vote.

The other options do not align with the trends observed in voting laws. Lowering the voting age or mandating participation in debates are not requirements enacted to discourage voting, while extending voting hours would likely promote increased voter participation rather than discourage it.