Which factor is cited as having less impact on American voter turnout compared to other countries?

The factor that has less impact on American voter turnout in comparison to other countries is strong party polarization. In many countries, political polarization may discourage turnout because it can lead to frustration or disillusionment with the electoral process, particularly if citizens feel that their preferred candidates have little chance of winning due to entrenched party divisions.

However, in the United States, while strong party polarization is evident and can influence political behavior, it does not tend to dissuade participation to the same extent as it might in other countries. Instead, factors such as the complexity of voter registration processes and the lack of legal consequences for failing to vote tend to have a more significant effect on turnout. High civic engagement generally promotes higher turnout, while strong polarization might energize specific voter bases but doesn't necessarily correlate with overall lower turnout rates. Thus, it can be concluded that while polarization affects political dynamics, it is not a primary determinant of voter turnout levels in the American context.