Which of the following methods is used by southern states to disenfranchise minority voters?

Requiring photo ID to vote is a method used by some southern states that can disenfranchise minority voters. The rationale behind this requirement often stems from the claim that it helps to prevent voter fraud. However, the practical implications of stringent photo ID laws can disproportionately affect minority populations, who are less likely to possess the required identification. Such laws can create barriers to participation by imposing additional burdens, like the need to obtain an ID, which may involve costs or travel to locations that provide these IDs.

Encouraging mail-in voting and expanding early voting hours typically serve to increase accessibility to the voting process, making it easier for all voters, including minorities, to participate. Reducing the voter registration period can also create obstacles, but the specific focus on photo ID requirements highlights a targeted approach that tends to adversely affect certain demographic groups, leading to significant discussions around voter suppression efforts in various states.